Recrystallization is a ubiquitous diagenetic process during dolomite formation, which is always characterized as a multi-stage dynamic system. The origin of dolomite, which is referred to as the "dolomite problem", has puzzled geologists. One of the most important reasons is that dolomite in dolomites recrystallization results in information, such as the petrological and geochemical characteristics, being covered during the process of dolomite formation. The recrystallization of dolomite in ancient strata of the geologic historical period and in modern sediment, the changes in petrological and geochemical characteristics observed in modern simulation experiments on dolomite recrystallization were systematically summarized through the investigation of previous national and international studies on recrystallization. Subsequently, the main conditions and factors influencing dolomite recrystallization are expounded, and the changes in the diagenetic environment during the diagenetic process, the stages of dolomite recrystallization, and the main variation character are analyzed. In addition, the significance of dolomite recrystallization is summarized. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of and guidelines for research on dolomite recrystallization and benefit the study of the "dolomite problem" and carbonate diagenesis.