Scanning electron microscope, X-ray spectroscopy,XRD, MLA mineral detection software were used to study the material composition, modes of occurrence, embedded properties, particle size and dissociation characteristics of a copper mine. The results show that the main valuable metal in the ore is copper, possessing 1.05%, which mainly occurs in chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocit and malachite. The gangue minerals mainly include quartz and feldspar, followed by calcite and chlorite. The grain size of the main minerals is less than 20 μm, and the metal content of -9.6 μm is 0.3%. The degree of liberation is low. Moreover, the main copper minerals have close association with gangue minerals, reaching more than 40%. It is difficult to achieve a good economic index only by flotation. Based on the results of process mineralogy research, the authors adopted one roughing process- two cleaning processes- two scavenging flotation intensification processes to carry out closed-circuit test for part of the scheme of centralized treatment of middle ore. The copper grade and recovery of copper concentrate are 19.12% and 79.16%.