This paper reports the characteristics of the Changjie olivine pyroxenolite from the Tongdao area in western Hunan Province, western segment of Jiangnan orogenic belt. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) U-Pb zircon dating of the Changjie olivine pyroxenolite yielded an age of 701±11 Ma. The Changjie olivine pyroxenolite contains clinopyroxene, olivine and plagioclase together with a small amount of Fe-Ti oxide minerals, probably suggesting that clinopyroxene, olivine and plagioclase fractionated within the magma chamber. Geochemically, the Changjie olivine pyroxenolite is characterized by relatively low SiO₂ (44.01%~47.72%), Al₂O₃ (6.77%~9.10%), TiO₂ (0.49%~0.75%), and total alkali (Na₂O+K₂O=0.07%~2.04%), and high MgO (23.97%~30.70%) content, and these rocks are of tholeiitic series and belong to sub-alkali series. These rocks display ocean island basalt (OIB)_like signatures, characterized by the enrichment of light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements (LILE) relative to high rare earth elements (HREE). Moreover, they also display typical arc magma features, such as significant Nb-Ta troughs, relatively high Th/Nb ratios (0.52~0.81) and low Nb/La (0.25~0.44) ratios, and typical low Nb content (1.11×10^-6~3.91×10^-6). These rocks show relatively high initial (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i ratios (0.707 206~0.708 561) and positive εNd(t) values (0.25~0.41). Furthermore, the geochemical signature also suggests that the Changjie olivine pyroxenolite was produced by low degree of partial melting (4%~7%) of the spinel-facies, asthenospheric mantle peridotite which had been matasomatized by slab-derived fruits/melts. In combination with the regional geology, the authors infer that the deep dynamic mechanism for the formation of the Changjie olivine pyroxenolite was related to the partial melting of upwelling asthenosphere mantle due to the rifting at about 700 Ma in the western segment of Jiangnan orogenic belt.