By means of microscopic observations and infrared spectroscopic analysis of "skin" and "flesh" of cut items of the Hetian placer nephrite, the authors studied their characteristics and relationships. Features of the skin include "sweat pores", sand hole, crack, stony appearance etc. Inside the skin are stony appearance, impurity, iron flower etc. Some relationships between "skin" and "flesh" are summarized as follows: diameter of the sweat pore reflects its host quality: the finer, the better. The sand hole indicates weaker-weathered or softer minerals in the interior part, for example, the appearance of pyrite often produces a hole at the surface. Stony appearance exists in both interior part and exterior part and affects the quality greatly; the existence of starry distribution will apparently affect the homogeneity. The component tremolite can also appear as stony appearance with its texture different remarkably from surrounding jades. Different sorts of minerals such as diopside and calcite can also display stony appearance. The existence of cracks is not always a bad thing, as bright-color may occur along the crack surface. The results achieved by the authors have some significance for identification, evaluation and design. Nevertheless, these relationships deserve further investigation.