An electronic backscattered diffraction (EBSD) study of the sieve-textured reaction rim between orthopyroxene and basalt in the Hannuoba mantle xenoliths was conducted in Damaping area, Hebei Province. Some conclusions have been rearched: ① The reaction rim has a complex multi-layer structure composed of a basalt layer, an olivine-rich layer and an intergrowth layer of olivine and clinopyroxene; ② The Mg^# of the olivine grains in the reaction rim increases toward the orthopyroxene grain while the Mg^# of the clinopyroxene grains in the reaction rim remains stable; ③ There is a well-defined crystallographic topotactic relationship between orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene, i.e., (100)_opx//(100)_cpx, (010)_opx//(010)_cpx, (001)_opx//(001)_cpx; ④ The crystallographic distribution of olivine grains is nearly at random and shows no relationship with orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene. This sieve-textured reaction rim can be interpreted as the result of a multistage reaction process. In the first step, the orthopyroxene reacts with the melt to form clinopyroxene which made the reaction melt more silicic. As the melt gets saturated with silica, olivine precipitates from the reaction melt. Comparing to the reaction between a silica-saturated melt and a peridotite, the reaction between a silica-understaturated melt and a peridotite is probably easier to proceed due to the formation of sieve-textured reaction rims. The sieve-textured reaction rims provide a feasible channel for the migration of the melt along otherwise closed grain boundaries at high pressure, weaken the surrounding peridotite through the reduction of mineral grain size, and maintain a continuous erosion and destruction of the peridotite during the upward migration of the melt. This process may lead to a quick rejuvenation of lithospheric mantle.