During the migration of basaltic magma through the lithosphere mantle, the interaction between melt and peridotite inevitably took place and led to the compositional variation of the lithosphere mantle. Mantle peridotite and its disaggregated minerals such as olivine (Ol), clinopyroxene (Cpx) and orthorpyroxene (Opx) xenocrysts were captured by the Cenozoic basalt in Hannuoba. The xenocrysts usually have the reaction rim structure, which provides important information about the melt-xenolith interaction during the migration of basaltic magma through the lithosphere mantle. The xenocrysts in basalt are on the whole perfectly round, embayed or serrated in shape and have characteristic reaction rim structure which distinguishes them from relatively euhedral and small phenocrysts in basalt. Based on microscopic petrographic observations and electron microprobe analyses of xenocrysts and their reaction rims, this paper deals tentatively with the melt-xenolith interaction. The rims of Ol and Cpx xenocrysts show similar compositional variations from the Mg-rich core to the Ferich rim. The composition of the outer part of the reaction rim tends to be close to the composition of the phenocryst in basalt. Olivine composition changes from the core (Fo 88～90) to the rim (Fo 68～72). Clinopyroxene composition changes from Mg#90 to Mg#74, with the corresponding variation of diopside in the core to salite in the rim. Usually, the reaction rim of Opx with double-layered structure consists of Ol+Cpx+Glass. The composition of Ol and Cpx in the Opx reaction rim is rich in Fe relative to its mantle counterpart. Meanwhile, the reaction rim minerals will become richer in Fe and poorer in Mg with the Opx xenocrysts approaching the host basalt. The glass constituent rich in silicon and alkali (the content of SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O and K2O is respectively 64%～67%, 18%～19%, 5%～7% and 6%～9%) in the Opx reaction rim offers important information concerning the origin of Si- and alkali-rich melt inclusions present in mantle minerals in eastern China. It is thought that Si- and alkali-rich melt might have resulted from the reaction between basaltic magma and Opx in peridotite, i.e., the reaction basaltic magma (Si-poor melt)+Opx→ Si-rich melt+Ol+Cpx. It is also found that the variation of color and composition of the spinel (Sp) in one peridotite xenolith is related to temperature: when the temperature rises, the content of Cr in Sp increases, so does Al in melt. The preservation of the reaction rim structure or disequilibrium structure in xenocrysts implies rapid uprising of the host basalt. The extensive melt-xenolith interaction inevitably changed the properties of the lithosphere mantle.