Melting, crystallization and quenching experiments were conducted on some typical basaltand andesite samples from Fujian, Jiangxi and Henan as well as columbrecitic tephrite samplesfrom Vesuvius of Italy. According to results of the experiments, the present paper has analysedthe effects of magmatic melt composition on initially-crystallized minerals, illustrated therelationship of crystallization temperature, growth speed and nucleus formation density tocrystal form, studied crystallization features of plagioclase and leucite as well as theirmineralogical and petrological significance, dealt with compositional characteristics of olivineand pyroxene as well as the evolutional trend of magmatic melt composition after theircrystallization and, finally, probed into the quenching effects and pressure effects ofclinopyroxene.