Calcined kaolin used in specific paper filler requires a higher oil absorption value. In view of the resource shortages of the calcined kaolin with high oil absorption value in the market, this study aims at investigating factors influencing the oil adsorption of the calcined coal-series kaolin and seeking for ways to improve the oil absorption value of calcined kaolin. Coal-series kaolin used as raw materials in this study was obtained from Tangshan area, which was calcined in the temperature range of 600～1 000 ℃, with the interval of 50℃. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to conduct morphologic observation and phase identification of calcined kaolin respectively. Calculation of loss on ignition and detection of such parameters as pH value, specific surface area and Zeta potential were used to analyze their influences on oil adsorption value. The results show that the highest oil adsorption value of calcined kaolin is up to 76.3 g/100 g at the temperature of 750℃; and Zeta potential, pH value, specific surface area constitute the notable factors influencing oil adsorption value, with the influence of specific surface area on the oil absorption value of the calcined kaolin being the greatest.