The authors made an anisotropic analysis of shear waves obtained from broadband seismic experiments along the Yecheng (Xinjiang)-Ali (Tibet) profile. The result reveals the anisotropic characteristics in the upper mantle of western Tibet. The anisotropy is generally in NE direction and the orientation only varies insignificantly, being identical with the anisotropic direction in Tibetan Plateau and northern Tarim. The northward movement of Indian plate plays a key role in forming the shear wave anisotropy within the lithosphere of this region. The anisotropy in all blocks of Tibetan Plateau remains stable in a large EW-trending area. The original anisotropy in the lithosphere of each block stretches northeastward. Bangong-Nujiang faulted belt, as the boundary between Qiangtang block and Lhasa block, is mainly a boundary at the surface. In depth, the anisotropy in Indian lithosphere remains unchanged over Bangong-Nujiang fault belt, both in the western segment and in the central segment of Tibetan Plateau.