Jingtieshan iron mine of Jiuquan Iron and Steel Group Co. is a typical complex refractory iron oxide ore. The original ore has a low iron grade, multiple types of iron minerals, and complex symbiotic relationships, making the ore extremely difficult to select. In order to improve the grade, recovery rate, filtration performance and other indicators of concentrate, starting from the perspective of process mineralogy, the differences in disseminated particle size, hardness, density and magnetic properties between raw ore and roasted ore of Jingtieshan complex refractory iron oxide ore and their washability characteristics of JISCO were analyzed to judge the advantages and disadvantages of the current mineral processing technologies. On this basis, combined with the characteristics of different beneficiation processes, ore properties, production costs, concentrate quality, and filtration performance, a new combined beneficiation process of intelligent preselection-fine breaking-dry grinding-suspension magnetization roasting-gravity separation-magnetic separation-fine sieve-reverse flotation is recommended.