The Weining Beishan polymetallic mining area in Ningxia is one of the important metal mineral mineralization areas in Ningxia. At present, multiple ore deposits (points) have been discovered in the research area, including Jinchangzi gold mine and Errenshan lead silver mine. The Errenshan silver lead polymetallic deposit is a shallow low-temperature hydrothermal type and is currently the largest known silver lead polymetallic deposit in the region. With the further deepening of ore exploration in Errenshan, there is an urgent need for further in-depth research on ore exploration models and prediction in the area, in order to further expand the resources and exploration achievements. This article takes the Errenshan silver lead polymetallic deposit as the research object, uses short wave infrared technology (SWIR) to scan the borehole core, determine the types, relative content, and distribution characteristics of altered minerals in the core, and reveal the relationship between the changes in spectral parameters of altered minerals and mineralization intensity. The shortwave infrared technology is used to measure muscovite group minerals, kaolinite group minerals, carbonate minerals, montmorillonite group minerals, etc. Sericite group minerals and carbonate minerals are the through minerals of the borehole, kaolinite, montmorillonite, chlorite and sulfate minerals are only a small amount distributed in the borehole, and the altered mineral combination in the mineralization section is sericite+kaolinite+a small amount of carbonate minerals. By calculating the characteristic parameters of sericite Al—OH spectrum, it is found that the characteristic absorption peak of sericite Pos 2 200 nm and the IC value of sericite crystallinity have a good correlation with mineralization. In high-grade mineralized areas, the overlapping area of Pos 2 200(＜2 204 nm) and sericite crystallinity (IC value)>2.5 can serve as an important indicator or prospecting marker for exploring such deposits in Weining Beishan area.