There are abundant vein quartz mineral resources in the phyllite of the Silurian Meiziya Formation in the Ankang area of the South Qinling Mountains, but the research degree of the vein quartz as the raw material of high-purity quartz is low, especially the lack of systematic understanding of the content of trace impurity elements and their occurrence that affect the purification of quartz state, which greatly restricts the quality evaluation of the high-purity quartz raw material in this area and further exploration breakthrough. On the basis of determining the geological development characteristics of vein quartz, this paper has carried out sample impurity element detection on three vein quartz samples (AK200, AK201, AK202) produced in three regions, studied the mineralogical characteristics, impurity occurrence and purification performance of the samples, and then conducted purification experiments. The results show that the SiO₂ content of the three samples after purification is 99.993 11%, 99.997 66% and 99.998 58%, respectively, all of which reaches the quality of high-purity quartz products, in which the AK202 sample reaches 4N8 level after purification. The results show that after purification, Al, Ti, Na, K are the main impurity elements, and Al may exist in two ways: impurity minerals and lattice impurities; Ti may exist in the form of lattice impurities; Na and K mostly exist in fluid inclusions. Impurity mineral, fluid inclusion and lattice impurity all have varying degrees of influence on the quality of the vein quartz in this area, among which fluid inclusion is the main influencing factor, lattice impurity is the second, and impurity mineral has the least effect. This conclusion has an important reference significance for evaluating the quality of vein quartz mineral resources in this area and defining the prospecting target in the future.