In this paper, the authors studied the gemological and mineralogical characteristics of Laos Tianhuang Stone by means of hydrostatic weighing method, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), whole-rock chemical analysis, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The results indicate that the samples are mainly composed of dickite which belongs to kaolinite group minerals. According to whole-rock chemical analyses, Fe is the main trace element contributed to Laos Tianhuang Stone. The size of particle and degree of crystallization of minerals are associated with the transparency of samples, and the samples with high transparency are usually small particles with high crystallization. A comparison of chemical compositions between Laos Tianhuang Stone and Tianhuang shows that the content of Ga in Laos Tianhuang Stone is higher than that in Tianhuang, whereas the values of Co, Rb, Ni are obviously lower than those in Tianhuang. The element content can be used to perform synthetic origin identification. Plots of Co-Ga, Rb-Ga, Ni-Ga can be used to distinguish Laos Tianhuang Stone from Tianhuang. Laos Tianhuang Stone is rich in light rare earth elements(LREE) and poor in heavy rare earth elements(HREE).