In this paper, through the summary of research results of China's typical rare metal granites in the aspects of basic characteristics, research progress, petrogenesis, mineralization and ecological environment influence, the authors have reviewed and described the characteristics of rare metal granite and its mineralization with the purpose of helping researchers to understand the latest achievements of the research on the mineralization and the exploration of the rare metal granite and to find and identify the rare metal granite. In addition, the natural pollution of rare metal granite to the ecological environment and its health damage to the residents are discussed, and the authors appeal to the society and the public to pay adequate attention to these problems.