Gold pearl is a kind of organic gemstone and also a treasure in Nanyang pearl. In order to make a comparison between aragonite and calcite and an analysis of the mixtures of different proportions, the authors tested the pearl brought from the market by using infrared spectrometer and Raman spectrometer nondestructively and also employing the destructive method of KBr pellet of infrared spectrometer and X-ray powder diffraction. The results show that CaCO₃ in gold pearl is aragonite rather than calcite. However, the IR spectrum and Raman spectrum of gold pearl studied in this paper are somewhat different from those of aragonite, which might be caused by the organic matter in the pearl.