西藏雄村斑岩铜金矿床金的赋存状态及其意义
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国家自然科学基金(41172077);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB403103);西藏大型矿床成矿专属性研究(1212011221073)


Gold in the Xiongcun porphyry copper-gold deposit, Tibet: Its distribution and significance
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    摘要:

    西藏雄村斑岩铜金矿床是冈底斯成矿带上新发现的超大型斑岩铜金矿床,矿床由3个串珠状分布的矿体组成,Ⅰ号矿体和Ⅱ号矿体勘探程度最高,两个矿体中金的资源量总和可达246吨,其中以Ⅰ号矿体中金的品位最高。本文采用显微镜观察、扫描电镜、电子探针、模拟计算等测试分析方法详细研究了Ⅰ号矿体中金的赋存状态、迁移特征及其意义。结果表明,Ⅰ号矿体中金以银金矿为主,并见少量或微量的金银矿、硫铋金矿、碲铋银金矿。金主要以微细粒金包裹于黄铜矿中或分布在黄铜矿边缘,磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿以及闪锌矿中含少量的金矿物,金主要来源于金属硫化物的出溶,而次生氧化带中可见微细粒金分布在硅酸盐矿物中,分布在硅酸盐矿物中的金矿物与次生氧化富集作用有关。金的矿物颗粒粒径变化较大,以分布在黄铜矿中或边缘的金矿物粒度最大,而分布在次生氧化带中的金粒度最小,大部分小于1μm。上述赋存特征指示,雄村Ⅰ号矿体中金主要分布在黄铜矿边缘,同时依据Simon的实验数据拟合得出,高温环境下金可无限混溶在铜-铁熔融体中,随着温度的降低,金属熔融体中金的含量呈数量级下降,因此随着温度的降低金发生出溶而向外迁移。磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿以及闪锌矿中金可能形成于此过程,同时位于矿区西北侧的浅成低温热液型洞嘎金矿中金也可能形成于上述过程。

    Abstract:

    The Xiongcun porphyry copper_gold deposit consisting of three orebodies is a newly discovered deposit in southern Tibet. The total gold resources of No. 1 and No.2 orebody amount to 246 tons, which have higher exploration extent than No. 3 orebody, with the Au concentration of No. 1 ore body being the richest. Microscope, electron microprobe analysis and simulated analysis were used to study the gold distribution and its significance. The results show that the main gold_bearing mineral is electrum. Minor or trace kustelite, sulfur_bismuth gold mineral, and gold volynskite were also been found. Gold minerals are mainly distributed inside or along the margin of chalcopyrite, and pyrrhotite, pyrite and sphalerite also contain minor gold minerals, suggesting that gold was formed at the exsolution of sulfide. Some micro_fine gold minerals are distributed within silicate minerals in the oxidized zone due to secondary enrichment process. The sizes of gold minerals are plentifully variable. The biggest gold minerals are distributed within or along the margin of chalcopyrite while the smallest ones which are mostly less than 1μm occur near silicate minerals. The modes of occurrence of gold minerals indicate that most of gold minerals are distributed along the margin of chalcopyrite. According to the experiments of Simon, gold could be infinitely miscible in metal melt at high temperature and decreased with decreasing temperature, which implies that gold could migrate outward with decreasing temperature. The existence of gold minerals in pyrrhotite, pyrite, sphalerite and gold in northwest Dongga epithermal gold deposit may be also related to the above process.

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黄勇,唐菊兴,张丽, 2014. 西藏雄村斑岩铜金矿床金的赋存状态及其意义[J]. 岩石矿物学杂志, 33(3):551~560.
HUANG Yong, TANG Ju-xing, ZHANG Li, 2014. Gold in the Xiongcun porphyry copper-gold deposit, Tibet: Its distribution and significance[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 33(3): 551~560.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-12-18
  • 最后修改日期:2014-01-20
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-05-29
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