Landfill leachate has encountered the severe treatment problem. Using cheap mineral materials as accelerants for the decomposition of organic pollutants in leachate is feasible. This study focused mainly on the efficiencies of anaerobic digestion of landfill leachate with the mediations of limonite and/or dolomite. Four groups of anaerobic bioreactors (control, limonite, dolomite, limonite with dolomite) were set. After anaerobic digesting for 19 days, the COD removal efficiencies for limonite and/or dolomite addition experiments were all over 80%, while the COD removal efficiency for control experiment was only 50%. The pH value in the control experiment changed insignificantly, while in mineral addition experiments there had obvious promotions (～0.5). The ammonia content changed little and did not show significant differences among experiments. This study demonstrates that the presence of limonite and/or dolomite minerals can promote the anaerobic digestion of organic matter in landfill leachate. The results obtained by the authors provide a feasible method for promoting the efficiency of landfill leachate treatment.