This paper describes the characteristics of natural dusts, artificial dusts and industrial dusts in such aspects as mineral phases, chemical components, morphology and sizes. Quartz, calcite, albite and sericite constitute the main phases of natural dusts and industrial dusts with high SiO₂, CaO and low K₂O, Na₂O in chemical composition. The fine particles are mainly in the range of 0.3 to 5 μm,of which the dusts of sizes less than 2 μm are over 85%. SEM observations show that the dusts are mainly irregular in shape, and the surface is rough. The dissolution and electrochemical action of dusts in valine acid liquor at the simulated human body temperature (37℃) in 32 hours were investigated. pH and electric conductivity values of these different dusts varied somewhat differently, and increased rapidly in the first 4 hours generally, and chemical reaction reached the equilibrium in 8 hours. Before and after the reaction, the pH values of the solution changed insignificantly; valine had larger buffer function on powder. The total amounts of dissolved ions of K, Ca, Na, Mg were in the range of 31 ～331 mg/L, with the amount of Ca dissolved ions being the highest, reaching 15 to 255 mg/L, followed by K, Mg, Na. The total amounts of dissolved ions of Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb, Ba, Cr, Ni, V were in the range of 3.06～20.60 mg/L and those of Al, Si were 1.12～22.8 mg/L. Each element was dissolved relatively rapidly in the first 8 hours. The relative solubility of dusts in valine acid was in order of wollastonite>serpentine>sepiolite; the cement plant industrial dusts>natural dusts>power plant industrial dusts. The wollastonite and power plant industrial dusts, which have high content of CaO, showed highest solubility, suggesting a poorer corrosion-resisting capability and lower bio-resistibility. Sepiolite and cement plant industrial dusts, which have high content of SiO₂, showed lowest solubility, suggesting a higher corrosion-resisting capability and stronger bio-resistibility.