中国东部中生代大规模岩浆活动与长英质大火成岩省问题
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国家自然科学基金重大研究计划资助项目(91014001)


A discussion on Mesozoic large scale magmatism and felsic large igneous province in eastern China
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    摘要:

    笔者认为,中国东部中生代大规模岩浆活动很难用太平洋板块的俯冲来解释,中国东部中生代大规模岩浆活动可能相当于几个不同时期发育的长英质大火成岩省,与中生代东亚超级地幔柱的活动有关。世界上存在两类大火成岩省,一类以镁铁质岩为主(M-LIP);另一类以长英质岩为主(F-LIP)。中国也存在上述两类大火成岩省,二叠纪的峨眉山玄武岩属于前者,中国东部中生代大规模的岩浆活动属于后者。二者可能均与地幔柱的活动有关,不同在于镁铁质大火成岩省的地幔柱上升停滞在岩石圈底部,在那里发生部分熔融形成大规模玄武岩喷发;而与长英质大火成岩省有关的地幔柱可抵达下地壳底部直接烘烤和加热下地壳,形成长英质成分的岩浆岩。学术界通常认为中国东部中生代大规模岩浆活动与太平洋板块向西俯冲导致的软流圈地幔上升有关,本文却认为它可能与来自下地幔的地幔柱有关。大火成岩省矿产丰富,与镁铁质大火成岩省有关的矿产有铜、镍、铬、铂、钯等,与长英质大火成岩省有关的矿产有金、铜、钨、锡、钼、铋、锑、铀等。

    Abstract:

    The author believes that it is very difficult to explain large-scale magmatism in eastern China during Mesozoic with the hypothesis of Pacific plate subduction, and that the magmatism might be equivalent to several felsic large igneous provinces in different periods, probably related to the Mesozoic super mantle plume activity in East Asia. There are two types of large igneous provinces in the world: one is mainly mafic LIP, and the other is felsic LIP. The two types of large igneous provinces in China are respectively represented by the Permian Emeishan basalt and the eastern China large-scale magmatic activity. Both were possibly related to the plume activities; nevertheless, in the mafic large igneous province, massive basalt eruption took place together with partial melting when the plume migrated upward to the bottom of the lithosphere, whereas in the felsic igneous province, the magmatic formation of felsic composition could directly bake and heat the lower crust when the plume reached the crustal bottom. Researchers generally consider that the large-scale magmatic activity during Mesozoic was related to westward subduction and asthenosphere uplift of Pacific plate. In this paper the author believes that the large-scale magmatic activity was probably related to the plume from the lower mantle. The large igneous province has rich mineral resources: Resources such as copper, nickel, chromium, platinum and palladium might be related to the mafic igneous province, whereas resources like gold, copper, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, bismuth, antimony and uranium might be related to the felsic large igneous province.

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张旗, 2013. 中国东部中生代大规模岩浆活动与长英质大火成岩省问题[J]. 岩石矿物学杂志, 32(4):557~564.
ZHANG Qi, 2013. A discussion on Mesozoic large scale magmatism and felsic large igneous province in eastern China[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 32(4): 557~564.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-01-05
  • 最后修改日期:2013-05-31
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