嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌与硫化物矿石相互作用的实验研究
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国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB815603);国家自然科学基金(40930742;10979018)


An experimental study of the interaction between Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and sulfide ores
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    摘要:

    实验研究了嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,简称A. f)与硫化物矿石之间的相互作用,以观察不同矿石矿物发生微生物氧化和形成次生矿物的差异。采用ICP_OES分析了反应前后溶液成分变化,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析手段研究了矿石表面形貌的变化和沉淀物的矿物组成。分析结果表明,A. f对同一矿石中不同矿物作用强度存在明显差异,方铅矿、闪锌矿发生强烈氧化分解,而与黄铁矿的相互作用则较弱。这种差异可能与矿物晶体结构有关,在多种矿物并存的情况下,可能发生了原电池反应,作为阴极的黄铁矿受到保护,而作为阳极的闪锌矿、方铅矿的氧化作用得到促进,总体上表现为A. f对矿石硫化矿物的选择性作用。

    Abstract:

    Based on experiments of interactions between Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. f) and sulfide ores, this paper studied the oxidation of different sulfide minerals in the same ore sample mediated by A. f, and analyzed the reacted mineral surfaces and secondary products. The purpose of this study is to disclose the selectivity of A. f mediated oxidation and the dissolution sequence of different sulfide minerals in the same ore sample. Analytical approaches, such as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscope_energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), were employed to investigate changes in the concentrations of specific metal ions in the solution, surface morphology of the original minerals and precipitations during the experimental period. The results indicate remarkable difference between the interaction effects of A. f on different sulfides. The effects on both galena and sphalerite are very evident, while those on pyrite are rarely observed. It is concluded that galvanic reactions occur in the bacteria mediated oxidation of sulfide ore due to the contacts of different sulfides with various crystal structures in the ore samples. Pyrite grains, generally acting as the cathode, are protected, which exhibits a selective interaction of A. f with sulfide minerals in ores. The preferably oxidized sequence of these sulfides in an A. f-mediated ore sample is in order of sphalerite, galena and pyrite.

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欧阳冰洁,陆现彩,陆建军,等, 2011. 嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌与硫化物矿石相互作用的实验研究[J]. 岩石矿物学杂志, 30(6):1021~1030.
OUYANG Bing-jie, LU Xian-cai, LU Jian-jun, et al, 2011. An experimental study of the interaction between Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and sulfide ores[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 30(6): 1021~1030.

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  • 收稿日期:2011-08-22
  • 最后修改日期:2011-09-13
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