Albitite, a special kind of sedimentary rock in South Qinling, is mainly distributed in Devonian and Silurian strata of Fengxian-Taibai, Shanyang-Zhashui and Zhen'an-Xunyang basins. It is closely related to many large-middle lead-zinc and gold deposits in the South Qinling orogenic belt. Occurring in clastic rocks or carbonate rocks in the stratified or stratoid form, albitite shows a conformable contact and gradual relationship with the strata and has thick-bedded, massive and brecciated structures. XRF dating of albitite shows that it is enriched in primary elements such as Na2O, A12O3 and SiO2 and trace elements such as Pb, Zn, Au, Ag and Cu. The enrichment of element Ba and the Fe-Mn-(Co+Cu+Ni)×10 projection indicate a hydrothermal sedimentary origin. However, the diagram of TiO2-Al2O3 suggests it also has some characteristics of terrigenous deposit. Ti and Al probably came from the clay matter of clastic sediments. The REE data by ICP-MS show that albitite and strata have similar total REE, HREE and LREE. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of albitite and regional strata are quite similar, caused probably by the mixture of hydrogenous sediments. Albitite was formed at the sedimentary or early diagenetic stage, simultaneity with the formation of normal sedimentary rocks. Therefore it is a special kind of hydrothermal sedimentary rock, having characteristics of both marine sedimentary rock and typical hydrothermal sedimentary rock. The albitite is of sedimentary lithogenesis of mixed hydrothermal solution with enriched Na and metallic elements by extracting ore-forming elements from the strata and mixing with non-consolidated sedimentary concretions at the seabed.