The Daixian rutile deposit is located in western Hengshan and belongs geotectonically to the central zone of North China Craton. The exposed strata mainly comprise a suite of medium-grade regional metamorphic rocks of Upper Archaean Wutai Group. The rocks have undergone multi－stage amphibolite facies metamorphism and deformation. Recent exploration shows that the Daixian rutile deposit is one of the largest rutile deposits in China with reserves up to 3.7 million tons of TiO2. The Hongtang rutile orefield is one of the three main orefields in the Daixian rutile deposit. The rutile-bearing rocks mainly include anthophyllite schist, vermiculitized antinolite schist, albite-clinochlore-bearing antinolite schist and vermiculitized actinolite-bearing quartzite. Except for one silicified sample (HT-5, quartzite), they contain 47.83%～55.03% SiO2, high MgO, TiO2 and Al2O3, low CaO, Na2O and K2O, and are depleted in LREE and roughly flat in HREE and have conspicuous negative Eu anomalies. LILE content changes slightly, and differentiation of HFSE is inconspicuous. The rocks are slightly poor in Ti, Zr, Hf, Y, and Ba, Sr, Rb. The samples with high Ti (TiO2>4%) have conspicu-ous positive Nb and Ta anomalies. The authors thus infer that the protolith of the rutile deposit is chemically equivalent to mid_ocean ridge tholeiite, and that the ore-bearing rocks were formed through crystallization differentiation of anorthite and other types of metamorphism and deformation. The growth characteristics and mineral inclusions of zircons in the ore-bearing rocks as well as U-Th-Pb ages show that the protolith of the Hongtang rutile orefield was formedaround 2530 Ma and might have experienced two regional metamorphic events with hydrothermal fluid mixture during 2370～2530 Ma and around 1900 Ma, corresponding respectively to high grade amphibolite facies and medium-pressure and low-temperature greenschist facies.