福建碧田铜金银矿床的金属矿物研究
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Studies of Metallic Minerals from the Bitian Copper-Gold-Silver Deposit in Fujian Province
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    摘要:

    碧田矿床是成因上与燕山晚期次火山岩有关的以银为主的大型铜金银矿床。金属矿物种类复杂,除常见的黄铁矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿外,还有多种铜铋硫盐矿物(锌砷黝铜矿、铋砷黝铜矿、铋锑黝铜矿、针硫铋铅矿、硫铋铜矿)、钨锡硫化物(硫铁锡铜矿、硫钨锡铜矿)及多金属硫化物。金银矿物除辉银矿外,主要是Au-Ag系列的自然金、银金矿、金银矿及自然银。这些矿物形成于不同的物理化学条件下,大多数铜矿物、铜铋硫盐矿物和钨锡硫化物是在中高温(260—380℃)条件下、硫逸度较高(lgfS2=-8.74- -12.06)、流体盐度高并处于沸腾的状况下形成的;而多金属硫化物和金银矿物则主要是在中低温(120—260℃)条件下,硫逸度较低(lgfS2=-11.6—-19.5),流体盐度也较低的状况下形成的。

    Abstract:

    The Bitian ore deposit is a silver-dormnant large-、iie copper-gold-silver deposit related to Late Yanshanian subvolcanic rocks. Species of metallic deposits are quite complicated: Besides commonly-seen pyrite ,chalcopyrite and bornite, there exist varied copper-bismuth sulfosalt minerals(sandber}erite, Bi-tennantite, Bi-tetrahedrite, aikinite, wittichenite),tungsten-tin sulfides(mawsonite, kiddcreekite)and polymetallic sulfides. In addition to argentite, gold-silver minerals mainly include native gold, electrum, kiistelite and native silver of goldsilver series. These minerals were formed at bornite-chalcopyrite-pyrite Stacey gold-silver polymetallic sulfide stage and native silver-quartz stage respectively under differem physicochemical conditions. Most chalcopyrite, bornite, copper-bismuth sulfosalt minerals and tungsten-tin sulfides were formed under the conditions of medium-high temperature (260-380 ℃),relatively high sulfur fugacity(1gfs2=-8.74一-12.06),high salinity of fluids and boiling, whereas polymetallic sulfides and gold-silver minerals were formed under the conditions of medium-low temperature(120-260 ℃),comparatively low sulfur fugacity(lgffs2= -11 .6一-19.5)and also relatively low salinity of fluids. The discovery of varied types of copper-bismuth sulfosalt minerals indicates a certain defree of bismuth enrichment in the Bitian silver-dominant large-siie copper-gold-silver deposit. Therefore, importance should be attached to the study of the mode of ocurrence of bismuch.

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陈殿芬,那建国,钟通德, 1997. 福建碧田铜金银矿床的金属矿物研究[J]. 岩石矿物学杂志, 16(3):260~270.
Chen Dianfen, 1997. Studies of Metallic Minerals from the Bitian Copper-Gold-Silver Deposit in Fujian Province[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 16(3): 260~270.

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