The presently known xenolith-bearing Paleogene basalts in the eastern China are located in Shuangliao of Jilin Province, Yangyuan of Hebei province, and Fanshi of Shanxi Province, The mantle xenoliths collected from these three localities have been described in this pacer. The xenoliths are dominated by spinel lherzolite, having mainly porphyroclastic texture, The olivine from the xenoliths exhibits obvious preferred orientation and dislocation substructures indicative of high temperature creep mechanism. The equilibrium temperature and pressure of the xenoliths have been calculated as 800-1100℃ and 0.7- 1 .6 GPa respectively, The xendliths are deduced to have been derived from a depth of 28-52 km. The differential stress estimated by microstructural pie- zometry is 12-25 MPa, while the strain rate and equivalent viscosity derived from the high temperature flow law of peridotites are 10-15-10-18s-1 and 1021-1025SPa .S respectively, The man tle xenoliths from the Paleogene basalts have principally the same characteristics as the xenoliths from the Neogene and Quaternary basalts, indicating that the upper mantle of Neogene and Quaternary inherited and developed the rheological characteristics of Paleogene,The characteristics of the upper mantle in the eastern China have been coincident with those of the upper mantle in the continental extensional zone or rift since Tertiary.