Based on the train of thought of bionics,the present paper,by utilizing sedimentary oolites, oncolites and concretes, has made a comparative study on structures, composition and formation conditions of four common urolith stones. It is considered that although these materials are produced in quite different environments in nature or in hurnan bodies, there are many aspects which are useful in explaining their formation mechanisms. The structure of oolite layers and the recrystallization and replacement of concretes can be used to make comparative explanation of the formation mechanism and growth genesis of urolith stones. In addition, the theory of local supersaturation and epitaxy in the urolith growth hypothesis can also be introduced into formation theory of sedimentary oolites, concretes and oncolites. In fact,urolith stones at the incipient formation stage is quite similar to sedimentary oolites, while the recrystallization and replacement of concretes resemble the late stage growth of urolith stones.The thermoluminescent effects of sedimentary oolites and urolith stones are also shown for the first time in this paper. It is demonstrated in this paper that calcareous,dolomitic and siliceous oolites and oncolites can be distinguished not only by differential thermal curves but also by thermoluminescent curves. What is more, struvite, whewellite, uric acid and systine urolith stones might be recognized by infrared absorption curves and by thermoluminescent curves as well.Therefore,a new approach to oolites and urolith stones has been developed with the thermoluminescence method.