Fuchuan ophiolites in Southern Anhui Province are distribut- ed along the Qimen-Shexian一Sanyangkeng fault belt stretching in nearly E一W direction.They extend discontinuously for about 90 Km and structurally emplaced into the Proterozoic phyllite (Shangxi group).The sequence of the ophiolites is consisted, from bottom to upper, of:(1)metamorphic peridotite(serpenti- nzation harzburgite),(2)cumulus gabbro,(3)spi lite,(4)ke- ratophyre, which is covered with phyllite of Shangxi group. According to the geological and geochemical characteristics the au比or suggest;that the Fuchuan ophiolites may be formed in island arc environment, as:(1)The geological environment in formation of the Fuchuan ophiolites is Midproterozoic ancient island arc;(2)Some macroelement contents in the ophiolitic vo- lcanics are similar to those in the island arc volcanics and show more defferent from the deep一sea tholeiite(Table 2).On the diagram for classification of basalts, most of the Fuchuan ophiolite volcanics are plotted to the high-alumina basalt field, which are similar to that of New Britain volcanic arc. On the Na2O/K2O一(Na20+K20)orrelation diagram, most of the Fuchuan ophiolite volcanics are confined to the island arc volcanic field; (3)The trace element contents of volcanics in this area are also similar to that of island arc volcanics, and on the Ti一Zr and Ti一Cr discrimination diagrams(Fig. 2)they are all plotted to the is- landarc volcanics field;(4)The REE distribution pattern of the Fuchuan ophiolitie volcanics is in the same range with the island arc volcanics(Fig.3). Having study of REE and trace elements in the rocks we con- sider that the Fuchuan ophiolites may be partial melting pro- duct of upper mantle.(1)The plus-correlation between La/sm and La in gabbro, spilite and keratophyre(Fig.4)indicated that they are products of partial melting from upper mantle.The mutual supplement correlation in REE and transition metal elements be- tween metamorphic peridotite and spilite indicate that the form- er is residual solid phase and the latter is melting liquidus.(2) The gabbro and tiie spilite are obviously enriched in incornpati- ble element Ti and V, but extremely depleted in compatible ele- ment Cr and Ni, while the metamorphic peridotite is quite the contrary, which also indicate that the gabbro and the spilite are products of liquidus and the metamorphic peridotite is product of residual solid phase from upper mantle.(3)According to the model calculated from REE contents the Fuchuan ophiolites may be 5% melting product from the upper mantle(Table 6).As the residual solid phase(metamorphic peridotite)is rich in LREE,it may be considered that the Fuchuan upper mantle is the one enriched REE